In vitro evaluation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Asparagus aphyllus L., Crataegus azarolus L., and Ephedra alata Decne. in monocultures and co-cultures of HepG2 and THP-1-derived macrophages

Introduction: Asparagus aphyllus L., Crataegus azarolus L., and Ephedra alata Decne. have been used in traditional Greco-Arab herbal medicine to treat various metabolic and inflammatory diseases. However, to our knowledge, no scientific evidences regarding their anti-inflammatory effects have been published yet. This study aimedto evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Asparagus aphyllus L., Crataegus azarolus L., and Ephedra alata Decne. extracts using In vitro mono and co-culture systems. ...